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The ten functions of middle managers – Identifying their functional substitutes in a decentralized organization without traditional middle managers

A journal article published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC on 2026-09-28. The supplied source data includes the article title and publisher but no further content or event details.

Categories: economy-and-trade

Generated scores

Scores are based on the cited reporting and use a 1–10 scale. Read the methodology.

Confidence
6/10
Geographic reach
1/10
Global importance
2/10
Impact magnitude
1/10
Positivity
5/10
Urgency
1/10

Why it matters

The article addresses functions of middle managers and potential substitutes in decentralized organizations.

Sources

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