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The ten functions of middle managers – Identifying their functional substitutes in a decentralized organization without traditional middle managers
A journal article published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC on 2026-09-28. The supplied source data includes the article title and publisher but no further content or event details.
Categories: economy-and-trade
Generated scores
Scores are based on the cited reporting and use a 1–10 scale. Read the methodology.
- Confidence
- 6/10
- Geographic reach
- 1/10
- Global importance
- 2/10
- Impact magnitude
- 1/10
- Positivity
- 5/10
- Urgency
- 1/10
Why it matters
The article addresses functions of middle managers and potential substitutes in decentralized organizations.

